What is the value for the total energy that reaches each square meter of Earth from the Sun each second called?
a. Solar constant
b. Solar maximum
c. Sunspots
d. Solar wind
a
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All the following statements about known extrasolar planets are true. Which one came as a surprise to scientists who expected other solar systems to be like ours?
A) Some of the planets orbit their star more closely than Mercury orbits the Sun. B) Most of the planets are quite massive—much more like Jupiter than like Earth. C) Most of the planets orbit stars that are quite nearby compared to the scale of the entire Milky Way Galaxy. D) In some cases, we've found more than one planet orbiting the same star.
A slab of material 1 rests on the surface of a slab of material 2 . A light ray in material 1 has an angle of incidence of 30° on the interface between the materials, while the ray in material 2 has an angle of refraction of 45°. What is the critical angle of incidence for total internal reflection for a ray of light going from material 2 to material 1?
a. 30° b. 45° c. In this case there is no critical angle. d. At least one of the indices of refraction or its equivalent is needed to solve this problem.
If the Sun were to magically and instantaneously be replaced by a 1 solar mass black hole, what would happen to the Earth's orbit?
A) It would be unchanged. B) It would be much smaller, but its shape would be unchanged. C) It would be at the same distance from the Sun, but would be much more eccentric. D) It would be much larger, but its shape would be unchanged. E) The Earth would be pulled into the black hole and destroyed.
Two harmonic waves are described by 
What is the phase (in rad) of the resultant wave when x = t = 0?
A. 3 B. 0 C. 2 D. 1 E. 4