India has been colliding with Asia for roughly 50 million years, a process that has uplifted the Tibetan Plateau. However, although the margin of Asia has been intensely deformed, India has remained largely intact. Why is this the case?
A) Asia's margin is composed of soft materials such as shale and sandstone
B) There is a mantle plume beneath the Asian continent that softens the plate, permitting deformation
C) Asia's rocks are over 2 billion years old and are so dense they are sinking back into the mantle
D) Most of India is tough, durable, ancient shield material and is harder than the newer Asian material
Answer: D
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