A school-age child with hemophilia falls on the playground and goes to the nurse's office with superficial bleeding above the knee. The nurse should:
1. Apply a warm, moist pack to the area.
2. Perform some passive range-of-motion to the affected leg.
3. Apply pressure to the area for at least 15 minutes.
4. Keep the affected extremity in a dependent position.
3
Rationale:
1. Heat would increase the bleeding by dilating the superficial blood vessels.
2. The extremity should be immobilized to prevent further bleeding; passive range-of-motion could cause further bleeding at the site.
3. If a hemophiliac child experiences a bleeding episode, superficial bleeding should be controlled by applying pressure to the area for at least 15 minutes, and ice should be applied.
4. The extremity should be elevated, if possible, to prevent swelling at the site.
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