Striving for an external reward or to avoid an external punishment is called ___
a. avoidance motivation
b. intrinsic motivation
c. inquisitive motivation
d. extrinsic motivation
Answer: D
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One of the greatest challenges faced by mental health professionals when prescribing psychotropic medications is __________.
A. patient noncompliance with prescription instructions B. the astronomical expense of such medications C. the very high frequency with which patients become "hooked" on the medications D. the high likelihood that once a patient starts psychotropic medication, they will never be able to stop the drugs without the re-emergence of their symptoms
The biggest complaint against the cascade model of substance abuse is that it
a. is too Freudian. b. explains abuse in adults but not in teens. c. needs to place greater emphasis on the role of genetic factors. d. does not consider contextual factors.
In terms of neuroscience, which of the following tends to be true of bilingual individuals?
Even though both languages reside in the same area of the brain, bilingual individuals are able to activate one language and temporarily inhibit the other. Different languages reside in different areas of the brain, thus allowing a bilingual individual to activate only one area at a time. Bilingual individuals of any age tend to have difficulty with keeping the two languages totally separate when speaking. Since both languages reside in the same area of the brain, bilingual individuals must consciously inhibit one language while speaking the other.
John travels frequently to distant parts of the globe. He believes that adjusting his mealtimes to the destination time zone is helpful in dealing with jet lag. After studying the material in your textbook, you tell John that a. he's wasting his time, as adjusting his mealtimes will have little if any effect on jet lag
b. he should expect some benefits, as his suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is very responsive to changes in feeding patterns. c. he should expect some benefits, as his peripheral clocks should respond to changes in feeding patterns. d. this is a highly effective strategy, because both his SCN and peripheral clocks are highly sensitive to changes in feeding patterns.