Researchers condition a flatworm to contract when exposed to light by repeatedly pairing the light with electric shock. The electric shock is a(n):
a. negative reinforcer.
b. conditioned stimulus.
c. conditioned reinforcer.
d. unconditioned stimulus.
Ans: d. unconditioned stimulus.
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In the context of the commonality corollary, Kelly held that people who construe an experience similarly have similar cognitive processes
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
Fear of heights develops in an infant
a. when parents tell stories about their own falls. b. when the infant gains experience at crawling. c. at a genetically timed maturational age of six months. d. when the infant observes others' falls, regardless of its own personal experiences.
One way to overlearn is to approach all tests as if they will be
a. multiple choice. b. true-false. c. matching. d. essay.
Estimates of abuse in the general child population are _______________, while estimates of the percentage of children seeking psychological care who have been abused are about _______________
a. 5% to 26%; 46% b. 25% to 50%; 75% c. 10%-15%; 46% d. these estimates have been impossible to calculate.