Many Russians use the abacus to do daily arithmetic calculations. Vygotsky would consider the abacus to be a
a. decentrated intuition.
b. tool of intellectual adaptation.
c. type of context-dependent learning.
d. type of transitive horizontal decalage.
B
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Which term refers to the adjustment of a schema by adding information similar to what is already known?
A. Assimilation B. Conservation C. Egocentrism D. Reversibility
Researchers must use special safeguards to protect human participants when
A. more than minimal risk is present. B. informed consent is not required. C. behavior is observed in the public domain. D. anonymous questionnaires are used.
For successful treatment in behavior therapy, the therapist–client relationship is considered
a. necessary but not sufficient. b. both necessary and sufficient. c. sufficient but not necessary. d. neither sufficient nor necessary.
What is the relationship between self-esteem and school performance?
a. ?There is a modest positive correlation between self-esteem and school grades. b. ?Raising children’s self-esteem improves school performance. c. ?There is a small negative correlation between self-esteem and school grades. d. ?High self-esteem produces good school performance.