As Janine prepares to perform Ian's performance review, she carefully reviews notes she made throughout the year, rather than relying just on what she remembers. Janine is attempting to avoid the ______ bias.
A. sunk-cost
B. adjustment
C. representativeness
D. availability
E. escalation of commitment
D. availability
Availability bias comes from managers using information readily available from memory to make judgments. Janine is reviewing her notes, not relying on her memory, to avoid availability bias.
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Who developed the Managerial Grid, which was later transformed into the Leadership Grid?
a. John Redwood and Margaret Walker b. Anderson DeWalt and Jeff McComb c. Robert Blake and Jane Mouton d. Madelyn Marse and Cory Heuser
Which of the following is not a requirement of UK employers in complying with legislation governing redundancy processes:
a. to consult with employees over possible ways of avoiding redundancies b. to ensure fair reasons for selection for redundancy c. to compensate employees with sufficient length of service d. to find employees alternative employment at another firm
Cash flows from acquiring and selling products are classified as
A) operating activities. B) investing activities. C) financing activities. D) distribution activities.
Competing companies deploy whatever means necessary to strengthen market position, including all of the following except
A. differentiating their products by offering better performance features than rivals. B. marketing tactics that include special sales promotions such as introducing new or improved features or increasing the number of styles to provide greater product selection. C. reducing distribution capabilities and market presence. D. improving innovation to increase product performance and quality. E. making efforts to expand dealer networks.