Which of the following is not an electoral factor that affects congressional decision-making in foreign policy?
a. In response to public opinion in the post-Cold War period, Congress supported defense cutbacks.
b. In response to public opinion about U.S. vulnerability after September 11, 2001, Congress supported the war in Afghanistan.
c. In response to public opinion about the Bush administration, Congress authorized the war in Iraq.
d. In response to public opinion about the Obama administration’s poor conduct of foreign affairs, Congress authorized military intervention in Libya in 2011.
d. In response to public opinion about the Obama administration’s poor conduct of foreign affairs, Congress authorized military intervention in Libya in 2011.
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Congress uses a variety of methods to keep its bureaucratic agents in line including ______.
A. firing the head of independent agencies and regulatory commissions whenever Congress disagrees with them politically B. recalling petitions, public referenda, and other grassroots approaches C. executive vetoes D. hearings and investigations, mandatory reporting, and limitation riders
According to the text, what percentage of ambassadorships went to political friends and campaign contributors from the Kennedy through the Obama administrations?
a. About 33 percent on average b. Slightly more than 50 percent on average c. About 10 percent on average d. About 80 percent on average e. The percentage varies greatly by administration—with Democratic presidents higher than Republican ones.
During the 2012 election cycle, the presidential candidates raised ____, and the political parties raised ____
A) ?$1.4 billion; $1.6 billion B) ?$1.6 billion; $1.4 billion C) ?$1.4 trillion; $1.6 trillion D) ?$160 million; $140 million E) ?$1.6 billion; $1.4 million
Deterrence assumes the ________ of the U.S. response and the ________ of an adversary.
a. rationality; certainty b. certainty; rationality c. weakness; power d. timeliness; delay