Name each of Piaget’s developmental levels and describe at least two behaviors teachers can typically expect from students in each. You can omit the level that describes children from birth to two years. How does knowing about student development affect a teacher’s success in managing the classroom?

What will be an ideal response?


Preoperational (2-7 years): uses words to represent and understand ideas, but cannot reason logically. Poor at cause-effect relationships and order of events. May misunderstand language.

Concrete operations (7-12 years): Able to consider part-to-whole relationships as well as cause-effect. Logical thinking develops. Become argumentative and test boundaries.

Formal operations (12+ years): Become metacognitive; able to think abstractly. May be idealistic.

Note: Many other behaviors for each level are described in the chapter; please refer to the text when evaluating student responses.

Teachers who are aware of what behaviors and attitudes are typical at a given grade level will be more effective in planning instruction and utilizing management techniques that meet student needs.

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