The patient is admitted to the emergency department with possible smallpox exposure. The patient has never had a smallpox immunization. The nurse prepares to administer a smallpox vaccination, realizing that vaccination:
a. within 3 days of exposure will completely prevent the disease.
b. is effective only if received before exposure.
c. 4 to 7 days after exposure will completely prevent the disease.
d. within 3 days will offer only some protection from disease.
A
In the event that smallpox is the biological weapon, the best treatment is prevention by immunization with vaccinia vaccine before the onset of symptoms. Vaccination within 3 days of exposure will completely prevent the disease or will significantly reduce its effect.
Vaccination 4 to 7 days post exposure offers some protection from disease or will decrease the severity of disease.
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