The nurse is caring for a patient who is hospitalized with cognitive impairment. The following interventions will assist the patient in orientation: (Select all that apply.)

Question

a. Keep a photo of the family in the room.
b. Use a clock on the wall.
c. Make sure the room is kept bright and well lit.
d. Avoid moving the patient from room to room.
e. Have the nurse introduce himself or herself to the patient.

Answer 1

ANS: A, B, D, E
The hospitalized patient with cognitive alterations is oriented by use of a clock, a calendar, and statements about the name of the location or name of the hospital. Orientation to person, place, and time is ongoing. Staff members are always identified by name, both verbally and nonverbally (with a name tag). The patient's environment is kept as constant as possible, and moving the patient from room to room is avoided. Some familiar objects, such as a family photo, are placed near the patient if the hospital stay is longer than a few days. The environment is kept free of distractions such as loud noises and bright lights. Natural lighting to provide the patient with orientation to time of day can be accomplished by opening blinds or curtains during the day and darkening the room at night.