Which will help avoid the external validity of a study?
a. Hawthorne effect
b. Laboratory setting
c. Representativeness of the sample
d. Tight controls over all groups
ANS: C
External validity is concerned with the extent to which study findings can be generalized beyond the sample used in the study. One way to ensure generalizability is to derive a sample that is truly representative of the population being studied.
The Hawthorne effect is a psychological response of subjects who change their behavior simply because they are in a study, which can affect the internal validity. External validity is concerned with the extent to which study findings can be generalized beyond the sample used in the study.
A laboratory setting could help with internal validity. External validity is concerned with the extent to which study findings can be generalized beyond the sample used in the study.
Controls over the groups will help with internal validity. External validity is concerned with the extent to which study findings can be generalized beyond the sample used in the study.
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