Which of the following findings supports the argument that homosexual men are the result of the maternal immunity hypothesis?
a. Mothers, after having multiple male children, make antibodies against male-specific proteins, reducing their effects in subsequent males
b. The testosterone levels in mothers increase after every male child, flooding the subsequent male's bodies with more and more hormones.
c. Male homosexuals tend to have more younger brothers than male heterosexuals, indicating that their mother must have high testosterone levels in her uterus.
d. Antibodies in the prenatal period result in the increase of androgens in the womb, causing affected individuals to become homosexual.
A
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According to the textbook, the line dividing normal from abnormal is
a. always clear. b. often one of degree. c. based on the exact form or content of behavior. d. not a very important issue.
Define and give an example of goodness of fit for a more "positive" temperamental trait (such as a high activity level) and a more "negative" one (such as high behavioral inhibition).
What will be an ideal response?
Rationalization is an ego-defense mechanism that:
a. involves the refusal to believe information that leads to anxiety b. provides self-justifying, plausible excuses that hide the real reasons for our behavior c. deals with unacceptable thoughts and feelings by attributing them to others d. transforms anxiety-producing thoughts and feelings into the opposite thought or feeling
Regarding the study Sherif conducted with two groups of 11-year-old boys at a summer camp, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. When the boys arrived at the camp, they were split into two groups and were kept apart initially to build up separate group identities and friendships. b. When the two groups were placed in competition with each other, a number of clashes occurred with the disliking between groups bordering on hatred. c. Tensions between the groups were reduced and conflicts resolved through meetings that were held between the leaders of each group. d. As a strategy to reduce tensions, emergencies that required cooperation among members of both groups were staged at the camp.