In which case did the Supreme Court hold that an illegally-conducted lineup does not invalidate later identifications resulting from an "independent source"?
a. Gideon v. Wainwright
b. Mapp v. Ohio
c. United States v. Wade
d. Miranda v. Arizona
Answer: c
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A plea can be withdrawn at any time after it has been accepted by the court
a. True b. False
A problem with most police departments' standard operating procedure manuals (SOP manuals) is that
A. the manuals cannot be shared with the citizens on a website. B. the manuals do not include details of white-collar crimes and blue-collar crimes. C. the manuals do not include details of corruption in police departments. D. the manuals ignore critical issues in the use of law enforcement power.
Which of the following systems of confinement avoided the harmful psychological effects of total solitary confinement and allowed more inmates to be housed in less space because cells could be smaller?
A. the Pennsylvania system B. the Auburn system C. the snitch system D. the separate system
The tendency in Islamic criminal trial proceedings is for the parties to:
a. be represented by an attorney versed in Shari’a. b. be represented by their local imam. c. be represented by the eldest male family member. d. represent themselves.