Using core knowledge systems, compare and contrast what infants understand about numbers with what adults understand about numbers.
What will be an ideal response?
The ideal answer should include:
1. Infants 5 months of age have an object tracking system with which they can follow the movements of up to three objects, and which is sensitive to the addition or subtraction of objects.
2. Adults can perceive a greater number of objects with this system.
3. Infants 6 months of age have a numerical estimation system with which they can distinguish among arrays of dots or other stimuli that differ in a 1:2 ratio (e.g., 8 vs. 16).
4. Adults can perceive the difference between arrays of stimuli in an 8:10 ratio.
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Martin and Lewis are both 3 years old, and the main benefit they get out of being friends with each other is __________.
A. the enjoyment of carrying out shared activities B. trust, support, and pursuing shared interests C. the give-and-take of competing with each other in games D. the intellectual stimulation of conversation and learning activities
What percentage of people over age 65 show some symptoms of a psychological disorder?
A. 10 to 20 percent B. 15 to 25 percent C. 25 to 30 percent D. 30 to 50 percent
The distribution of IQ scores
a. is approximately a normal or bell-shaped curve. b. shows that most people have IQ scores between 75 and 90. c. shows that most people have IQ scores between 50 and 75. d. falls off abruptly above 100.
According to Posner and Snyder, a skill is automatic if it
a. occurs without intention. c. interferes with other mental activities. b. gives rise to conscious awareness. d. All of these