When discussing risk factors of cancer with a client, the nurse can BEST describe carcinogens as:
a. biological agents used to treat certain cancers
b. chemical substances that initiate or promote the development of cancer
c. genetic predispositions that increase the risk of cancer
d. organic substances that reduce the risk of some types of cancer
B
Risk factors for developing cancer can be classified as environmental, lifestyle, genetic, and viral. Environmental factors include occupational exposure to various chemicals known to be carcinogenic (e.g., asbestos, vinyl chloride, coal, tar, arsenic) or to substances such as radium or secondhand smoke. The effect of these factors usually depends on the dose; the larger the dose or the longer the duration of exposure, the greater the risk of cancer development.
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A patient admitted with a gastrointestinal bleed and anemia is receiving a blood transfusion
Based upon the patient's hypotensive blood pressure, the nurse anticipates an order for IV fluids from the physician. Which of the following IV solutions may be administered with blood products? A) D5 and .45% Normal Saline B) Lactated Ringer's C) 5% dextrose in water D) 0.9% NaCl
A patient wants to know where to find a certified genetic counselor. The best response by the nurse would be to refer the patient to
a. a private direct-to-consumer testing company. b. the Internet to conduct a web-based search. c. the National Society of Genetic Counselors. d. the primary care physician for a formal referral.
The nurse has attended morning report on a busy medical unit. The nurse recognizes which patient to be at greatest risk for the development of cardiogenic shock?
A) The patient admitted with acute renal failure. B) The patient admitted following a myocardial infarction (MI). C) The patient admitted following hypertensive urgency. D) The patient admitted following a stroke.
You are reviewing orders related to the urinary system for Ms. S. Which orders would you question? (Select all that apply.)
A. Insert a Foley catheter with a urometer. B. Measure I & O every hour. C. Obtain a urine sample for urinalysis. D. Perform Crede maneuver every 4 hours. E. Up to bedside commode with assistance as needed. F. Apply skin barrier paste to perineal area as needed