Which of the following is the best example of a positive deliberate attitude toward snakes?
a. John doesn't get tense when he sees snakes.
b. John would probably watch a TV about snakes.
c. John says that he adores snakes.
d. John is reading a book right now about snakes and other reptiles.
C
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Charlotte tells her graduate professor Dr. Klimt, "Today's tests results are very similar to the results I found earlier this week!" Dr. Klimt is pleased with the research __________.
A. validity B. inter-rater reliability C. test-retest reliability D. standardization
Winawer and colleagues (2007) presented English and Russian speakers with a blue sample stimulus. They also were shown two blue comparison stimuli. One comparison stimulus matched the shade of the sample stimulus, and one comparison stimulus was of a different shade. Participants were asked to identify which of the two comparison stimuli matched the sample stimulus. This research found that:
A) Russian speakers took longer than did English speakers to make this determination when one comparison stimulus was dark blue and the other comparison stimulus was light blue. B) English speakers took longer than did Russian speakers to make this determination when one comparison stimulus was dark blue and the other comparison stimulus was light blue. C) Russian speakers took longer than did English speakers to make this determination when all three stimuli were shades of light blue. D) English speakers took longer than did Russian speakers to make this determination when all three stimuli were shades of light blue.
Which ethical guideline asserts that researchers must inform participants about any deceptions employed in the study?
a. Confidentiality b. Debriefing c. Nonharmful procedure d. Informed consent
Compared to a comparison group of children with low socioeconomic status who did not attend Head Start, those children who did ____________________
a. showed a boost in IQ and achievement from elementary school until the end of high school b. had higher grades, but lower self-esteem because of the pressure to achieve c. were less likely to be placed in special education classes d. improved their academic performance, but were still more likely to repeat at least one grade