The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with a seizure disorder about the triggers that can cause a seizure. What should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.)
a. Cold
b. Sugared drinks
c. Emotional stress
d. Flickering lights
e. Hyperventilation
ANS: C, D, E
The most common factors that may trigger seizures in children include emotional stress, sleep deprivation, fatigue, fever, and physical exercise. Other precipitating factors include sleep, flickering lights, menstrual cycle, alcohol, heat, hyperventilation, and fasting. Cold and sugared drinks are not triggers for seizures.
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The automaticity rate of the normal pacemaker of the heart is
A) 80 to 100 beats/min. B) 60 to 100 beats/min. C) 60 to 75 beats/min. D) 40 to 60 beats/min.
Many critically ill patients experience anxiety. The nurse can reduce anxiety with which approach?
a. Ask family members to limit their visitation to 2-hour periods in morning, afternoon, and evening. You know that this is the best approach to ensure uninterrupted rest time for the patient. Tell the patient, "Mr. J., your family is in the waiting room. They will be permitted to come in at 2:00 PM after you take a short nap." b. Explain the unit routine. "Mr. J., assessments are done every 4 hours; patients are bathed on the night shift around 5:00 AM; family members are permitted to visit you after the physicians make their morning rounds. They can spend the day. Lights are out every night at 10:00 PM." c. State, "Mr. J., it's time to turn you. I am going to ask another nurse to come in and help me. We will turn you to your left side. During the turn, I'm going to inspect the skin on your back and rub some lotion on your back. This should help to make you feel better." d. Suction Mr. J.'s endotracheal tube immediately when he starts to cough. Tell him, "Mr. J., your tube needs suctioned; you should feel better after I'm done."
Which nursing concern takes priority in the care of a patient after a laryngectomy?
a. Encouraging nutrition b. Avoiding infection c. Establishing a communication system d. Ensuring adequate fluid intake
A patient undergoing diagnostic tests says, "Nothing is wrong with me except a stubborn chest cold." The spouse reports the patient smokes, coughs daily, lost 15 pounds, and is easily fatigued. Which defense mechanism is the patient using?
a. Displacement b. Regression c. Projection d. Denial