All of the following are human enteric pathogens EXCEPT:
A. Serovars of Escherichia coli
B. Serovars of Salmonella spp.
C. Yersenia enterocolitica
D. Yersinia pestis
Ans: D. Yersinia pestis
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What is it called when an oxygen-starved heart muscle no longer receives enough oxygen?
a. myocardial infarction b. atherosclerosis c. high HDL d. an aneurism e. arrhythmia
HIS4 trp1; HIS4 trp1; his4 TRP1; his4 TRP1
A haploid yeast strain has mating type a and genotype his4 TRP1. A different haploid yeast strain has mating type ? and genotype HIS4 trp1. The two strains mate and produce diploid offspring with genotype his4 TRP1 / HIS4 trp1. The diploid cells undergo meiosis to produce a variety of tetrad types. In the following questions, the genotypes of the spores in a tetrad are shown. For each tetrad, tell what type it is: parental (PD), non-parental (NPD), or tetratype (T). A) PD B) NPD C) T D) cannot be determined
Physician Edward Jenner promoted the use of cowpox, a harmless pathogen related to the dangerous smallpox virus, as a vaccination to provide patients immunity from future smallpox epidemics. This is an example of
A. developing high levels of complement. B. passive immunity. C. developing high levels of interferon although Jenner did not realize these diseases were viral. D. active immunity. E. an inflammatory response that decreased the IgE production and increased T cells.
In an experiment observing yeast respiration, Douglas notes that during the first day, carbon dioxide was produced. After three days, alcohol was produced. Which statement below would explain these results?
A) The yeast cells were going through aerobic respiration for the first two days of the experiment then the cells switched to anaerobic respiration when the available oxygen was gone from the vessel. B) The alcohol is formed from decaying yeast cells. Three days is the normal life span of a yeast cell. C) It took three days for the yeast cells to finish a fermentation cycle to produce the alcohol. D) Alcohol is formed from carbon dioxide when present with yeast, and the concentration of carbon dioxide had to be high enough for that reaction to occur.