Match the following social learning theories to their basic premise

1. Differential association theory a. People pursue criminal behavior to the extent that they identify themselves with real or imaginary persons from whose perspective their criminal behavior seems acceptable
2. Differential association-reinforcement theory b. Criminal behavior is learned
3. Differential identification theory c. Crime is a function of social learning that occurs within a social structure
4. Social structure-social learning model d. Criminal behavior is learned through a process of rewards and punishments


1. *b
2. *d
3. *a
4. *c

Criminal Justice

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Welfare checks is an example of a service-related call that might be handled by the __________

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

Criminal Justice

Mark usually shoplifts small household items and sells them on the street. He argues that his actions are not wrong because he is not hurting anyone with his actions. Which of the following neutralization techniques is Mark using to support his actions?

A. Denial of responsibility B. Denial of injury C. Denial of victim D. Condemnation of the condemners

Criminal Justice

Excesses at home, a vigorous government response, and the increasing number of informers have weakened the Mafia

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice

In Hirschi's social control theory, attachment, commitment, involvement, and _____________________ are elements of the bond to society

a. accountability c. religiosity b. piety d. belief

Criminal Justice