The nurse is providing teaching to a client who is at risk for osteoporosis. Which risk factors are considered modifiable?(Select all that apply.)
1. Postmenopausal age
2. High alcohol or caffeine consumption
3. Lack of vitamin D or calcium in the diet
4. Physical inactivity
5. Gender
2, 3, 4
Rationale 1: Postmenopausal age is not modified by the client.
Rationale 2:High alcohol or caffeine consumption is a modifiable risk factor.
Rationale 3:Lack of adequate vitamin D or calcium in the diet is a modifiable risk factor.
Rationale 4:Physical inactivity is a modifiable risk factor.
Rationale 5: Gender is not a modifiable risk factor.
Global Rationale: All items listed are risk factors for osteoporosis. However, age and gender cannot be modified by the client.
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