Discuss the evolution of the imminent lawless action test
What will be an ideal response?
Restrictions on freedom of speech began with the Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798 . There followed the Espionage Act of 1917, and the Court's application of a "clear and present danger" test in 1925 and a "clear and probable danger" test in 1951 . Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969) led to adoption of the "imminent lawless action" test, a three-part test to determine whether certain communication intentionally urges incitement and, thus, is not protected by the First Amendment. The approach has also been called the balancing test. Such a test might be used to determine if statements or other speech were used so as to create a threat to public safety or to incite others to commit lawless acts.
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The primary means of studying delinquency is represented by?
a. Cohort studies b. Juvenile Crime Statistics c. Research conducted by professional criminologists d. Both B and C
You investigate and sustain a verbal discourtesy complaint against an officer. The complainant is now in your office. Which of the following is most appropriate?
a. You should advise the complainant to contact internal affairs. b. Inform the complainant that the officer will be severely disciplined. c. A simple apology by you and an acknowledgement that the officer will be counseled. d. Refer the complainant to the city attorney.
Interest groups:
a. have little contact with courts. b. use litigation as a way to influence the courts. c. use the media to increase their influence with the courts. d. use the membership to influence the courts. e. effectively lobby the court on many occasions.
The ________________ is the reasonably stable patterns of behavior that distinguish one person from another
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word