A school nurse researcher studying bullying discovers that the type of victimization she is observing is different for different racial groups and genders within her school district
She wants to study the effect of peer support on bullying and chooses to make sure that the experimental and control groups, although randomly assigned, contain equal percentages of children of all races. What does this strategy exemplify?
a. Carryover
b. Blocking
c. Counterbalancing
d. Sequencing
ANS: B
In blocking, the researcher includes subjects with various levels of an extraneous variable in the sample but controls the numbers of subjects at each level of the variable and their random assignment to groups within the study. Designs using blocking are referred to as randomized block designs. The extraneous variable is then used as an independent variable in the data analysis. Therefore, the extraneous variable must be included in the framework and the study hypotheses.
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A 72-year-old client hospitalized with a second episode of pneumonia in the past 18 months expressed frustration to the nurse, stating that he never used to get sick in the past. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
A) "As you grow older, there is a decrease in the speed and strength of the immune system, which puts you at greater risk for developing an infection." B) "As you grow older, your immune system just quits working." C) "As you grow older, there is an increase in the number of B cells in the circulation, which hinders the immune response." D) "As you grow older, there in an overall increase in the speed and strength of your immune response."
Capitation ____
a. Keeps the financial risk away from the hospital b. Is a financial incentive plan for Magnet™ institutions c. Provides a fixed dollar payment, regardless of service provided d. Stops payment to the hospital after 30 days of hospitalization
A community mental health nurse is conducting a home visit when the patient states, "I never want to go back to that hospital again."
Which response has the greatest therapeutic value in terms of appropriate assurance for the patient's concerns? a. "It's likely that you won't need to go to the hospital again if you are compliant with the plan of care we have created for you.". b. "I can't promise that you will never need to go back to the hospital, but I will work to provide the care you need here in the community.". c. "Any inpatient hospitalization that you need in the future will be very brief now that you are receiving such effective home psychiatric care.". d. "Sometimes you will need to be re-hospitalized because of your mental health disorder, but I will work with you throughout your stay in the inpatient setting.".
A baby received antibiotics for acute bacterial otitis media 5 days ago. The parent telephones a nurse to report that the infant now has a fever of 101° F and is not sleeping at all. The nurse should plan to:
1. have the child reevaluated for a different antibiotic because the organism is most likely resistant. 2. call in a prescription for the same antibiotic to be given over an extended period of time. 3. discontinue the current antibiotic because this means that the infant is allergic to the antibiotic now being taken. 4. continue the current antibiotic because it has not had enough time to take effect.