When the body is injured, a nociceptive response is activated. This initial injury triggers a series of events, one of which is transduction. Transduction is:
1. the process by which a chemical, thermal, or mechanical noxious stimulus is changed into an electrical stimulus through activation of nociceptors.
2. the primary afferent fibers that initiate the pain experience.
3. a series of events in which the electrical impulse passes from the site of injury to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.
4. the process of transmitting pain from a site of injury to the higher brain centers.
ANS: 1
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