A 6-month-old infant has been diagnosed with X-linked agammaglobulinemia and the parents do not understand why their baby did not develop an infection during the first months of life. The nurse should describe what phenomenon?
A) Cell-mediated immunity in infants
B) Passive acquired immunity
C) Phagocytosis
D) Opsonization
Ans: B
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Infants with X-linked agammaglobulinemia usually become symptomatic after the natural loss of maternally transmitted immunoglobulins (passive acquired immunity), which occurs at about 5 to 6 months of age. Opsonization is the coating of antigen–antibody molecules with a sticky substance to facilitate phagocytosis. Cell-mediated immunity and phagocytosis do not directly affect the timeline of the infant's symptoms.
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