A physiology instructor asks the students about the purpose of the promoter region on a DNA strand. Which student response is most accurate?
A) Contains amino acids that the RNA polymerase recognized and binds to, thus starting the replication process
B) Location for protein-coding regions of the mRNA sequences
C) Delivers activated amino acids to begin mitosis
D) Reverses redundant base pairs
Ans: A
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During transcription, RNA polymerase recognizes the start sequence of a gene and attaches to the DNA. It is initiated by the assembly of a transcription complex composed of RNA polymerase and other associated factors. This complex binds to the double-stranded DNA at a specific site called the promoter region. Within the promoter region is the so-called "TATA box," which contains the crucial thymine–adenine–thymine–adenine sequence that RNA polymerase recognizes and binds to, starting the replication process. Exons are RNA sequences retained on the original RNA during splicing. tRNA delivers activated amino acids to proteins in the ribosome. When several triplet codons encode the same amino acid, the genetic code is said to be redundant.
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