________ are made by certain pathogens such as Staphylococcus, Salmonella, Escherichiacoli, and Clostridiumbotulinum. These substances often travel in the bloodstream and cause disease symptoms

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word


Bacterial toxins

Biology & Microbiology

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When a chemotherapeutic agent is effective against many different pathogens, it is said to be a ________ antibiotic.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

Biology & Microbiology

An energy drink that is marketed towards athletes promises to boost endurance, decrease muscle fatigue, and promote recovery. It contains caffeine, B vitamins, taurine, malic acid, and phenylalanine. Is this claim plausible?

A. No. These substances have not been shown to alter human physiology in any way. B. Yes. These substances have been shown to have benefits including increased athletic performance, increased energy, and the production of proteins in the body.

Biology & Microbiology

In a pedigree chart what represents marriage/mating between two individuals?

a. > sign b. vertical dashed line c. horizontal dashed line d. horizontal solid line e. vertical solid line

Biology & Microbiology

Which of the following nucleotide sequences represents the complement to the DNA strand

5? ? AGATCCG- 3?? a. 5? ? AGATCCG- 3? b. 3? ? AGATCCG- 5? c. 5? ? CTCGAAT- 3? d. 3? ? CTCGAAT- 5? e. 3? ? TCTAGGC- 5?

Biology & Microbiology