The nurse is caring for a patient in the sleep lab. Which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the patient is in stage 4 NREM?
a. The patient awakens easily.
b. The patient's eyes rapidly move.
c. The patient is difficult to awaken.
d. The patient's vital signs are elevated.
ANS: C
The patient is difficult to arouse, vital signs are significantly lower, and this stage lasts about 15 to 30 minutes. Stage 4 NREM is the deepest stage of sleep. Lighter sleep is seen in stages 1 and 2, where the patient awakens easily. REM sleep is characterized by rapid eye movement.
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