The nurse is caring for a patient with extensive burns. Which of the following are systemic responses to a burn that the nurse should be aware of? (Select all that apply.)
a. Decreased metabolism
b. Hypovolemia
c. Increased platelet function
d. Increased oxygen consumption
e. Depression of immunoglobulins
f. Peptic ulceration
ANS: B, D, E, F
Following a major burn, increased capillary permeability leads to the leakage of plasma and proteins into the tissue, resulting in the formation of edema and loss of intravascular volume. Metabolic demands are very high in patients with burns, which in turn increases oxygen consumption. Intense heat decreases platelet function and half-life. With the skin destroyed, the body loses its first line of defense against infection. Major burns also cause a depression of the immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM. Peptic ulcers can occur due to decreased gastric motility and the stress response.
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