When performing dermatologic examination, the clinician should recognize that a darkened area of skin in the sacral region is called:
A. Spina bifida occulta
B. Mongolian spot
C. Nevus flammeus
D. Café au lait spot
ANS: B
When evaluating the skin of a child, ask about birthmarks, lesions, and skin conditions. Common birthmarks are:
• Stork bites commonly appear on eyelids, nasolabial area, or nape of neck, and usually disappear by 12 months.
• Nevus flammeus (port-wine stain) is pinkish-red in color and grows as the child grows.
• Strawberry nevus (raised hemangioma) may not be present at birth; it usually starts out as a grayish-white area and later becomes red and raised; most resolve spontaneously by age 10.
• Mongolian spots are usually seen in newborns of African American, Latin, or Asian descent; they are generally found in the sacral or gluteal region.
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