A young adult has never lived away from his parents and feels unable to make decisions on his own. According to Freud's theory of development, the nurse should suspect that this person would be fixated at which stage of development?
1. Phallic
2. Latency
3. Genital
4. Anal
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: The phallic stage is from 4 to 6 years of age, and fixation would be related to the individual's genital organs and the pleasure sensations they create.
Rationale 2: The latency stage is 6 years to puberty. Energy is directed to physical and intellectual activities. Sexual impulses tend to be repressed.
Rationale 3: Freud's genital stage is characterized by energy that is directed toward full sexual maturity and function and development of skills needed to cope with the environment. It occurs during puberty and extends beyond. Implications of this stage include separation from parents, achievement of independence, and decision making. Fixation occurs at any stage and is the immobilization or the inability of the personality to proceed to the next stage because of anxiety.
Rationale 4: The anal stage is from 11/2 to 3 years. The anus and bladder are the sources of pleasure (sensual satisfaction, self-control).
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