Why does potassium concentration rise in patients with acidosis? What is this called? What effects does it have?
When pH is low, hydrogen ion levels in the blood are high and also in the interstitial and peritubular fluid. Hydrogen ion competes with potassium ion for the sodium countercurrent exchanger in the tubules. As hydrogen ion secretion rises (which compensates for the acidosis), potassium is retained and hyperkalemia develops. If severe enough, muscle cramps and cardiac arrhythmias result.
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