Why is the second stage of a dengue infection of concern?
A) Vomiting can lead to dehydration.
B) Nausea can be a symptom of the virus getting past the blood brain barrier, infecting the brain, and quickly killing the patient.
C) Body aches and extreme abdominal pain can indicate an intestinal perforation.
D) A high fever can lead to dehydration.
E) Hemorrhagic features may develop and lead to shock, organ failure, and eventually death.
Answer: E
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Mutation rates are similar in Bacteria and Archaea, yet certain stressful conditions mutation rates increase. Why is the mutation rate not constant and close to zero all of the time?
A) Increased mutation rates can be advantageous in rapidly changing environments because some random mutations may be useful for survival. B) Microorganisms carefully control the mutation rate of their DNA to match the environmental conditions and maximize evolution. C) The increased mutation rate under stressful conditions is an indication that the microorganisms can no longer replicate their DNA properly and are about to die. D) Constant mutation rates would halt evolution completely.
Which of the following is/are considered (a) current selective pressure(s)?
A. Technology (including tools and computers) B. Modern medicine C. Travel D. Culture E. None of the above (A-D) F. Some of the above (A-
Mendel’s principle of independent assortment is explained by which metaphase I event?
a. separation of homologous chromosomes b. crossing-over c. synapsis d. cytokinesis e. random orientation of homologous chromosomes on the metaphase plate
What is the correct rank order for relative amount of water (most to least) required for excretion of the primary nitrogenous wastes generated by different animals?
A. ammonia ? uric acid ? urea B. ammonia ? urea ? uric acid C. uric acid ? ammonia ? urea D. urea ? ammonia ? uric acid E. urea ? uric acid ? ammonia