The term opportunity cost suggests that
a. in any exchange situation where one person gains, someone else must lose
b. not all individuals make the most of life's opportunities
c. executives do not always recognize opportunities for profit as quickly as they should
d. the only factor that is important in decision making is cost
e. because goods are scarce, in order to get some good you must give up some other good in return
E
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If the exchange rate rises as shown by the arrow in the figure above, the price of imports coming into the United States will be ________, Americans will supply ________ dollars in order to get the foreign exchange to purchase ________ imported goods
. A) higher; more; more B) lower; more; more C) lower; fewer; more D) lower; fewer; fewer E) higher; fewer; more The figure above shows supply curves of dollars in the foreign exchange market.
As a part of the tax cut package signed into law on December 17, 2010, the government reduced the employee portion of the payroll tax from 4% to 2% for 2011. According to the permanent-income hypothesis, households that smooth consumption will
A) use all of the extra income generated by this tax reduction for consumption during 2011. B) use a large portion of the extra income generated by this tax reduction for consumption during 2011. C) use most of the extra income generated by this tax reduction as saving during 2011. D) split the income evenly between consumption and saving during 2011, since the tax cut will expire after one year and consumption is smoothed.
Cost-push inflation is due to:
a. labor cost increases. b. energy cost increases. c. raw material cost increases. d. all of these.
If the government accelerates money supply growth and enlarges the budget deficit to stimulate aggregate demand, the rational expectations hypothesis indicates that decision makers will
a. ignore the policy until it exerts an observable impact on prices, output, and employment. b. quickly take steps to adjust their decision making in light of the more expansionary policies. c. be fooled at the outset but eventually adjust their decision making in accordance with the change in policy. d. be unaware that this policy change has been implemented until a higher rate of inflation is observed.