Compare and contrast the five primary punishment philosophies
What will be an ideal response?
Deterrence involves punishing the offender to discourage continued criminal behavior on his or her part (specific deterrence) and to discourage misbehavior on the part of others who may be considering a criminal act (general deterrence). Incapacitation seeks to restrict the offenders' freedom of movement by imprisoning a particular group of especially dangerous offenders (selective incapacitation) or by imprisoning a broad group including even minor offenders (general incapacitation). Rehabilitation tries to change offenders so they become more law abiding and today is especially interested in encouraging offender reintegration into the community. Retribution believes punishment is simply the appropriate reaction to a criminal act and is less concerned about whether that punishment achieves some goal or objective beyond being just and proportional to the crime's seriousness. Restoration seeks to make the victim and the community whole again and to hold the offender accountable for his/her actions.
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The means to detect the amelogenin gene are included in commercial STR kits used in crime labs because the gene allows determination of what?
a. Ethnicity b. Blood type c. Gender d. Eye color
Why is it better to communicate from the crime scene with telephones than the police radio?
A) The phone is more economical to use. B) The criminal might still be on the premises. C) The telephone is much faster than the radio. D) The fleeing criminals might be using scanners. E) The transmissions will be much clearer.
Which of the following is not a factor that seems to attract attorneys to represent people accused of white collar crime?
a. It is quite lucrative b. It allows for a solo or small firm practice c. The cases are often interesting and complex d. Clients in most cases are likely to be innocent
Restorative justice focuses on ______.
a. the offender b. the victim c. the community d. all of these