Which of these respiratory changes occurs as part of the normal aging process?
a. Effectiveness of the cough mechanism lessens, increasing risk of lung infection.
b. Muscles of respiration become less flexible, increasing vital capacity of the lungs.
c. Presence of diseases such as tuberculosis and respiratory tract infections is expected.
d. Chest pain accompanies any respiratory deficit.
A
In older adults, muscles of respiration become less flexible and capacity decreases, resulting in dyspnea on exertion or stress. The cough mechanism weakens, increasing the risk for lung infection. Gas exchange is less effective, and structural changes can decrease diaphragmatic expansion.
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