The Federal Probation System was ________
a. mandated by the U.S. Supreme Court in Ex Parte United States in 1916
b. adopted in 1909 from correctional practices developed by the U.S. Military Judicial System
c. established by the executive order of President Eisenhower in 1954
d. authorized by the National Probation Act of 1925
d
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Open systems are hierarchical, formal, and mechanistic
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Discuss the major investigative leads for human trafficking cases and why they are important
What will be an ideal response?
According to Thornberry (1987), which is not a limitation of delinquency theories?
a) They focus on the developmental changes that occur over the life course. b) They assume uniform causal effects throughout the social structure. c) They are unidirectional in their explanations. d) They are not reciprocal in their explanations of crime.
What was the emphasis in the Rehabilitative Era?
a. having inmateswork and produce productsthat could help in making theprisons self-sustaining. b. theprofessionalizing of staffthrough recruitment andtraining, and the implementationof many self-improvementprograms of prisonmanagement. c. reformation that expandededucation and vocationalprograms and focusedoffenders' attention ontheir future. d.holdingoffenders accountable fortheir acts and being toughon criminals while keepingthem isolated from law-abidingcitizens.