Anthropologists consider the term “primitive”
a. to refer to the art of the more backward non-Western societies.
b. misleading, because it connotes inferiority and evolutionary sequencing.
c. to only refer to non-permanent forms of art.
d. to only refer to the non-material art forms of societies that are organized as bands, tribes, or chiefdoms.
e. incorrect because all cultures are absolutely equal and cannot be compared to each other.
ANS: B
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An Archaeological ProblemThe following multiple-choice questions refer to the paragraph below. Base your answers on the information given below, your archaeological knowledge, and common sense.Recent excavations in the Levant have uncovered a small settlement of approximately twenty houses. These structures were circular in shape and had rock-wall foundations. A number of burials were found in a small cemetery adjacent to the settlement. Storage pits and roasting areas for preparing plant foods also were found, but there was no evidence for domesticated plants at the site. Animal bones from deer, gazelle, sheep, and goat were common at the site. The investigators noticed that a high number of young male animals were represented in the sheep bones. This difference was not noted among the
bones of the other species. Other materials from the site included sickle blades, bone tools, charcoal, and grinding slabs.At Ban-po-ts'un, there: A. was domesticated wheat imported from Southwest Asia. B. were no domesticated animals. C. was domesticated millet. D. All of the answers are correct. E. (A) and (B) above.
In the 1800s, the small population of the island of Martha's Vineyard included many people who were congenitally deaf. Everyone there spoke sign language because so many people had deaf neighbors or relatives. They could trace this trait back to a few of the original settlers on the island, who were deaf and in the same family. What is the most likely explanation, in evolutionary terms, why so many people on the island were deaf?
A. One of the few founders of the population carried the allele for deafness. B. There was a mutation causing the gene for deafness. C. Gene flow onto the island continually brought in genes for deafness from the mainland. D. The foghorns on the island provided a selective advantage to being deaf.
Ethnographic study of the workplace
A. provides evidence that economic factors are fundamental to understanding differential productivity. B. is routinely performed by employees of the U.S. federal government. C. is not very useful, because all workplaces are becoming increasingly homogeneous, compared to 20 years ago. D. provides close observation of workers and managers in their natural setting. E. is required of all organizations that want to become not-for-profit, according to the American Anthropological Association.
There is considerable cross-cultural variation in the interpretation and treatment of illnesses
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.