Clinicians who practice cognitive–behavioral therapy view problematic substance use as being acquired and maintained in all of the following ways EXCEPT for ______.
a. substance use acquired through operant conditioning, typically via positive or negative reinforcement
b. operant conditioning resulting in association between particular stimulus cues for substance use
c. social learning being a perpetuating cause for substance use disorders, particularly when it involves modeling of substance use by family or friends
d. distorted beliefs about events eliciting drinking or other drug use
b. operant conditioning resulting in association between particular stimulus cues for substance use
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The feminist responses to the developmental models generally argue _____
a. The male-normative approach to the models is inappropriate for women b. Women typically define themselves through connections and relationships, making the goal of independence and autonomy inappropriate c. For women, the loss of connectedness implied in autonomy can translate to a loss of sense of self d. All of the above
For Alfred Adler, an individual's style of life began
a. after the time a child entered school. b. in early childhood (before starting school). c. in adolescence. d. in adulthood.
Functional family therapy is an empirically validated family therapy treatment for working with which types of presenting problems?
a. Post- traumatic stress disorder b. Major depressive disorder c. Childhood disintegrative disorder d. Conduct disorder and delinquency
While receiving constructive criticism, Sally is able to accept the opinions of her mother that are helpful and discard those that are not beneficial. Sally is demonstrating:
a. introjection. b. assimilation. c. projection. d. retroflection.