The patient assessment reveals absence of the fovea centralis. The next examination that may be anticipated by the nurse would be:
1. inspection of the red reflex.
2. inspection of the retina.
3. inspection of the macula.
4. inspection of the optic disc.
Correct Answer: 3
During the inspection of the macula, the macula should be visible on the temporal side of the optic disc. Absence of the fovea centralis is common in older patients; however, it may indicate macular degeneration, which is a common cause of loss of central vision. The red reflex should be visible when using the ophthalmoscope if it is properly positioned. It is not related to the absence of the fovea centralis. Inspection of the retina and optic disc would not provide any further information concerning the absent fovea centralis.
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