A nurse is explaining cognitive development in children to a client, with the help of Piaget's theory of cognitive development. What would be the best explanation by the nurse about the formal operations level of cognitive development?
A) Up to age 2, children learn by touching, tasting, and feeling. They learn to control body movement.
B) Children from ages 2 to 7 years investigate and explore the environment and look at things from their own point of view.
C) From ages 7 to 11 years, children internalize actions and can perform them in the mind.
D) After age 12, children can think in the abstract including complex problem solving.
D
Feedback:
At the formal operations level after the age 12 children can think in the abstract. Complex problem solving is included in this category. The nurse should explain that there are four levels of cognitive development in Piaget's theory. The sensorimotor level is up to age 2 where children learn by touching, tasting, and feeling. They learn to control body movement. Preoperational level is children from ages 2 to 7 years who investigate and explore the environment and look at things from their own point of view. At the concrete operations level from ages 7 to 11 years, children internalize actions and can perform them in the mind.
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