A client who is suspected of having an early malignant tumor asks the nurse why the physician has ordered blood studies for cancer. The nurse should explain that:
1. early cancer cells produce changes in the electrolyte balance.
2. urine studies reflect damage to the liver.
3. tumors produce substances that are released into the blood and are called markers.
4. Blood work will give the physician a profile of brain functioning.
Answer: 3
1. Cancer cells in the later stages can produce electrolytes by interrupting cell functioning, but this is not seen early.
2. Urine studies are not blood studies.
3. Tumors secrete substances into the blood known as markers, which can be assessed with blood studies.
4. Blood work will not give the physician a profile of brain function.
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