Which theorist examined “secondary prisonization” or the experiences and challenges faced by the friends and friends of those who are incarcerated?

a. Comfort
b. Sykes
c. Goffman
d. Matza


a. Comfort

Criminal Justice

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Sworn and civilian employees of police organizations have the same powers of arrest

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice

Which of the following is true of adolescent females involved with the juvenile courts?

A. Their numbers have decreased over the past two decades. B. Their numbers have remained stable over the past two decades. C. Their numbers have increased over the past two decades. D. Their numbers have reached historic highs.

Criminal Justice

Where a crime requires only proof of a ____ intent, the fact finder (i.e., the judge or jury) may infer the defendant’s intent from circumstances surrounding the commission of the criminal act

a. specific b. general c. criminal d. tortious

Criminal Justice

Which theory states that gang involvement results because youth have too much free time on their hands and opportunities to join a gang?

a. Deviant culture b. Routine activities c. Labeling d. Subculture of violence

Criminal Justice