Which concept consists of the officers’ collective worldview, values, and norms?
a. human relations theory
b. police culture
c. departmental inertia
d. matrix structure
b. police culture
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Even if offenders concede that they are about to harm someone or something, they may reason that their target deserves the harm. This is the neutralization technique of _____
a. Denial of the victim b. Denial of injury c. Denial of law d. Appeal to higher loyalty
The exclusionary rule:
a. is a constitutional right under the Fourth Amendment b. is a Congressionally created remedy c. was promulgated by the Senate. d. safeguards rights through its deterrent effect.
The deterioration of ties to conventional society is most probable when the state’s response to crime involves what?
A. community service B. community supervision C. institutionalization D. probation
During the first Red Scare in 1919, the perceived threat emanated from which of the following?
a. anarchist and communist terrorism and subversion b. fascist and Nazi terrorism and subversion c. both “anarchist and communist terrorism and subversion” and “fascist and Nazi terrorism and subversion” d. neither “anarchist and communist terrorism and subversion” nor “fascist and Nazi terrorism and subversion”