A pediatric nurse caring for patients in an emergency room performs an assessment of a child who survived a drowning incident. Which does the nurse assess when using the Orlowski scale on this child? (Select all that apply.)
A.
Arterial pH < 7.10
B.
Comatose on admission to the emergency room
C.
No resuscitation efforts for more than 10 minutes after rescue
D.
Submersion time > 20 minutes
E.
Used for children who are 10 years of age or older
ANS: A, B, C
According to the Orlowski scale, each item is assigned one point: 3 years of age or older, submersion time greater than 5 minutes, no resuscitation efforts for > 10 minutes after rescue, comatose on admission to the emergency room, and arterial pH < 7.10. If a child has a score of 2 or less, there is a 90% likelihood of a complete recovery. If a child has a score of 3 or more, there is a 5% rate of survival.
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