In order to claim a violation of the equal protection clause, a claimant must prove that:
a. the official government action had a discriminatory effect
b. the officials intended to discriminate.
c. the government action had a discriminatory effect and a discriminatory purpose.
d. the government action treated the claimant differently than other people.
c
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Suppose that the California Supreme Court has just decided a case. Is that case now the law of the land? Explain.
What will be an ideal response?
A law that makes distinctions based on gender is subject to which type of scrutiny?
a. rational basis b. intermediate c. beyond a reasonable doubt d. clear and convincing
Explain why it is important to control for multiple independent variables when predicting a dependent variable with ordinary least-squares regression.
What will be an ideal response?
Illinois v. Allen (1970 ) held that a judge can do each of the following to deal with an unruly criminal defendant, EXCEPT
A. Read an instruction to the jury indicating they can consider the defendant's behavior B. Bind and gag defendant during the trial C. Cite defendant for contempt D. Remove defendant from the courtroom until he promises to conduct himself properly