Suppose state A has to decide whether to go to war against state B or to remain in the status quo. A’s utility from the status quo is 0.81. A has 100 units of power, and B has 20 units of power. A’s probability of winning is 0.8. A’s utility from winning is 1, and A’s utility from losing is 0. Suppose A chooses not to go to war and remains in the status quo. This implies that:
a. A state that is relatively happy with the status quo might not attack even if it is much more powerful than the other state.
b. A is irrational.
c. A is risk-averse.
d. States never put their security at risk.
Ans: a
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