Use a counterexample to show that the following argument is invalid. (Remember, it is usually best to use terms—or statements—whose interrelations are well known.) "Some psychological disorders are environmentally produced diseases, since no environmentally produced diseases are inherited afflictions and some psychological disorders are not inherited afflictions."

What will be an ideal response?


No cats are collies. Some dogs are not collies. So, some dogs are cats.

Philosophy & Belief

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Relativism is the name for the belief that knowledge is determined by specific qualities of the observer.

a. true b. false

Philosophy & Belief

INSTRUCTIONS: Select the answer that best translates the statement into a standard form categorical proposition. A Chevrolet is not a Ford

A) Some Chevrolets are not Fords. B) All Chevrolets are things that are not identical to a Ford. C) No things identical to a Chevrolet are things identical to a Ford. D) All Chevrolets are not Fords. E) No Chevrolets are Fords.

Philosophy & Belief

The concern in the world community has shifted from the threat of ozone-depleting chemicals to a concern over which of the following?

A. Global weather B. Global disaster C. Global cooling D. Global warming

Philosophy & Belief

Utilitarians reject the very idea of a natural right to property

a. True b. False

Philosophy & Belief