Neural control of respiration
a. involves factors that regulate the magnitude of ventilation to match physiological needs.
b. factors that modify respiratory activity to serve other purposes.
c. the neural pattern generator program responsible for the alternating inspiration/expiration rhythm.
d. all of these.
e. none of these.
D
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Thyroid hormone exerts its influence by ________.
A) entering some cells and binding to intracellular receptors within the nuclei B) exerting only a minor effect on body metabolism C) causing a reduction in the number of blood vessel adrenergic receptors, and therefore decreasing blood pressure D) acting to decrease basal metabolic rate
Exercise hyperventilation results from signals from ___________.
A) muscle and joint mechanoreceptors and proprioceptors only. B) the carotid body chemoreceptors only. C) muscle and joint mechanoreceptors and proprioceptors and from the carotid body chemoreceptors. D) activating pulmonary stretch receptors only. E) muscle and joint mechanoreceptors and proprioceptors, the carotid body chemoreceptors, and activating pulmonary stretch receptors.
Bacteria infecting the mucous membranes in the air cells of the mastoid process most
likely spread from the A) meninges. B) maxillary sinus. C) frontal sinus. D) middle ear.
Which of the following is true regarding the difference between the mucosa of the small and large intestines?
A) The small intestine has deeper intestinal crypts than the large intestine. B) Intestinal crypts are only found in the large intestine. C) The large intestine has larger circular folds than the small intestine. D) They both have villi, but only the small intestine has microvilli. E) The small intestine has simple columnar epithelium and the large intestine does not.