Researchers studying the rigidity and flexibility of the cell envelope used chemotaxis to measure the ability of microbes to squeeze through tight spaces.  E. coli, a gram-negative bacterium, was able to traverse narrower channels than B. subtilis, a gram-positive microbe, even though both cells are the same size when grown without restriction.  E. coli has the more flexible cell envelope because

A. it has only a single membrane.
B. lipopolysaccharide has no charge.
C. it has fewer flagella.
D. there is less structural carbohydrate.
E. there are fewer protein receptors.


Answer: D

Biology & Microbiology

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